OCTOBER
1st
James Meredith became the first black student at the University of Mississippi in 1962
Nigeria gains independence from Britain (National Day) - 1960
2nd
Gandhi's Birthday & International Day of Nonviolence; nonviolent resistance, Gandhi helped free India from British rule.
Thurgood Marshall sworn into Supreme Court; In 1967, he became the first African American to sit the highest court in the land
3rd
Frank Robinson Signed as Major League Manager; In 1974, he became the first African American to manage a major league baseball team when hired by Cleveland Indians
Billie Jean King became the first female athlete to win $100,000 - 1971
4th
Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association (NICRA) – delegation meet with Derry March organizers and try to have the march cancelled; the march still occurred in 1968
Rachel Oliver (Mass) – crowned 19th Miss Black America in 1986
5th
International World Teachers' Day; Created in 1994 by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
Brazil adopts its Constitution in 1988
6th
German American Day; President Ronal Reagan proclaimed this day in 1987 to commemorate the 1683 arrival in America of 13 German families on board a sailing vessel
Yom Kippur War begins as Syria & Egypt attack Israel in 1973
7th
Henry Ford institutes moving assembly line in 1913
First edition of new British newspaper “independent” is published in 1986
8th
2001, U.S. President George W. Bush announces the establishment of the Office of Homeland Security
Soviet author Alexander Isayevich Solzhenitsyn wins Nobel Prize for Literature in 1970
9th
1st transcontinental flight by a woman (Laura Ingalls) was completed in 1930
Kathy Sullivan becomes the 1st US woman to walk in space in 1984
10th
US Congress approves Susan B Anthony Collar in 1978
Cornerstone dedication for Holocaust Museum in NYC in 1996
11th
2nd Vatican Council convened by Pope John XXIII in 1962
Mo Yan, a hallucinatory realist writer, wins the 2012 Nobel Prize for Literature
12th
Columbus Day; observed the second Monday in October – honors all explorers and commemorates Columbus' sighting of the New World in 1492. (Also a time to remember a group of people who discovered America before Columbus: the nomadic ancestors of modern Native Americans)
Norma Enriqueta Basilio Satelo is the 1st woman to light the Olympic flame in 1968
13th
Costa Rican President Oscar Arias wins the Nobel Peace Prize in 1987
Concert at Masada ends Israel's 40th anniversary fest in 1988
14th
The first Gay Rights March; Occurred in Washington, D.C. in 1979 to demand “an end to all social, economic, judicial, and legal oppression of lesbian and gay people”
1st three Dutch female police officers go into service in 1953
15th
Multicultural Diversity Day; adopted as a national event by NEA's 1993 Representative Assembly
Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev wins Nobel Peace Prize
16th
Nurse Margaret Sanger opens 1st birth control clinic in 1916
Chinese Communist Revolutionary Mao Zedong and 25,000 troops begin the 6,000 mile Long March in 1934
17th
Jupiter Hammon was the first American black to publish poetry in 1711
Mother Teresa of Calcutta was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1979
18th
African American poet Phillis Wheatley was freed from slavery in 1775
Nobel prize for physics awarded to Hans A Bethe in 1967
19th
Streptomycin, the first antibiotic remedy for tuberculosis, is isolated by researchers at Rutgers University in 1943
Mother Teresa of Calcutta is beatified by Pope John Paul II
20th
US President Lincoln formally establishes Thanksgiving as a national holiday in 1864
Antiwar protest marches begin in 20 US cities (US-Iraq) in 1990
21st
Women in France allowed to vote for 1st time in 1945
North Korea signs pact to end their nuclear projects in 1994
22nd
JFK imposes naval blockade on Cuba, beginning of missile crisis in 1962
Pope John Paul II is inaugurated as Pope in 1978
23rd
African American MLB Outfielder Joe Carter hits a World Series winning walk-off home run against the Philadelphia Phillies
Israeli-Palestinian Conflict: Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and Palestinian Chairman Yasser Arafat reach a “land for peace” agreement in 1998
24th
Cuban missile crisis: US blockade of Cuba begins in 1962
US forbids child labor in factories in 1938
25th
NY Daily News goes on strike (lasts through March, 1991) in 1990
Kosmos 1700 communication satellite place in geostationary orbit in 1985
26th
Eid al-Adha; Islamic Feast of Sacrifice (most important feast of Islam)
Worldwide Red Cross organized in Geneva in 1863
27th
Chantal Langlace runs female world record marathon (2:46:24) in 1974
The Royal Australian Navy announces that they discovered the wreck of a World War II submarine in Simpson Harbour, Papua New Guinea during Operation RENDER SAFE in 2011
28th
Statue of Liberty dedicated by US President Grover Cleveland, celebrated by 1st confetti parade in NYC in 1886
Nobel prize for literature awarded to Ernest Hemingway in 1954
29th
Argentina elects its first female president, Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner in 2007
Muhammad Ali's 1st professional fight is held in 1960 where he beats Tunney Hunsaker
30th
US Defense Department announces eliminations of all racially segregated regiments in 1954
Middle East peace conference begins in Madrid Spain in 1991
31st
Nguyen Van Thieu took oath of office as 1st President of South Vietnam in 1967
Roman Catholic Church reinstates Galileo Galilei after 359 years in 1992
James Meredith became the first black student at the University of Mississippi in 1962
Nigeria gains independence from Britain (National Day) - 1960
2nd
Gandhi's Birthday & International Day of Nonviolence; nonviolent resistance, Gandhi helped free India from British rule.
Thurgood Marshall sworn into Supreme Court; In 1967, he became the first African American to sit the highest court in the land
3rd
Frank Robinson Signed as Major League Manager; In 1974, he became the first African American to manage a major league baseball team when hired by Cleveland Indians
Billie Jean King became the first female athlete to win $100,000 - 1971
4th
Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association (NICRA) – delegation meet with Derry March organizers and try to have the march cancelled; the march still occurred in 1968
Rachel Oliver (Mass) – crowned 19th Miss Black America in 1986
5th
International World Teachers' Day; Created in 1994 by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
Brazil adopts its Constitution in 1988
6th
German American Day; President Ronal Reagan proclaimed this day in 1987 to commemorate the 1683 arrival in America of 13 German families on board a sailing vessel
Yom Kippur War begins as Syria & Egypt attack Israel in 1973
7th
Henry Ford institutes moving assembly line in 1913
First edition of new British newspaper “independent” is published in 1986
8th
2001, U.S. President George W. Bush announces the establishment of the Office of Homeland Security
Soviet author Alexander Isayevich Solzhenitsyn wins Nobel Prize for Literature in 1970
9th
1st transcontinental flight by a woman (Laura Ingalls) was completed in 1930
Kathy Sullivan becomes the 1st US woman to walk in space in 1984
10th
US Congress approves Susan B Anthony Collar in 1978
Cornerstone dedication for Holocaust Museum in NYC in 1996
11th
2nd Vatican Council convened by Pope John XXIII in 1962
Mo Yan, a hallucinatory realist writer, wins the 2012 Nobel Prize for Literature
12th
Columbus Day; observed the second Monday in October – honors all explorers and commemorates Columbus' sighting of the New World in 1492. (Also a time to remember a group of people who discovered America before Columbus: the nomadic ancestors of modern Native Americans)
Norma Enriqueta Basilio Satelo is the 1st woman to light the Olympic flame in 1968
13th
Costa Rican President Oscar Arias wins the Nobel Peace Prize in 1987
Concert at Masada ends Israel's 40th anniversary fest in 1988
14th
The first Gay Rights March; Occurred in Washington, D.C. in 1979 to demand “an end to all social, economic, judicial, and legal oppression of lesbian and gay people”
1st three Dutch female police officers go into service in 1953
15th
Multicultural Diversity Day; adopted as a national event by NEA's 1993 Representative Assembly
Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev wins Nobel Peace Prize
16th
Nurse Margaret Sanger opens 1st birth control clinic in 1916
Chinese Communist Revolutionary Mao Zedong and 25,000 troops begin the 6,000 mile Long March in 1934
17th
Jupiter Hammon was the first American black to publish poetry in 1711
Mother Teresa of Calcutta was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1979
18th
African American poet Phillis Wheatley was freed from slavery in 1775
Nobel prize for physics awarded to Hans A Bethe in 1967
19th
Streptomycin, the first antibiotic remedy for tuberculosis, is isolated by researchers at Rutgers University in 1943
Mother Teresa of Calcutta is beatified by Pope John Paul II
20th
US President Lincoln formally establishes Thanksgiving as a national holiday in 1864
Antiwar protest marches begin in 20 US cities (US-Iraq) in 1990
21st
Women in France allowed to vote for 1st time in 1945
North Korea signs pact to end their nuclear projects in 1994
22nd
JFK imposes naval blockade on Cuba, beginning of missile crisis in 1962
Pope John Paul II is inaugurated as Pope in 1978
23rd
African American MLB Outfielder Joe Carter hits a World Series winning walk-off home run against the Philadelphia Phillies
Israeli-Palestinian Conflict: Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and Palestinian Chairman Yasser Arafat reach a “land for peace” agreement in 1998
24th
Cuban missile crisis: US blockade of Cuba begins in 1962
US forbids child labor in factories in 1938
25th
NY Daily News goes on strike (lasts through March, 1991) in 1990
Kosmos 1700 communication satellite place in geostationary orbit in 1985
26th
Eid al-Adha; Islamic Feast of Sacrifice (most important feast of Islam)
Worldwide Red Cross organized in Geneva in 1863
27th
Chantal Langlace runs female world record marathon (2:46:24) in 1974
The Royal Australian Navy announces that they discovered the wreck of a World War II submarine in Simpson Harbour, Papua New Guinea during Operation RENDER SAFE in 2011
28th
Statue of Liberty dedicated by US President Grover Cleveland, celebrated by 1st confetti parade in NYC in 1886
Nobel prize for literature awarded to Ernest Hemingway in 1954
29th
Argentina elects its first female president, Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner in 2007
Muhammad Ali's 1st professional fight is held in 1960 where he beats Tunney Hunsaker
30th
US Defense Department announces eliminations of all racially segregated regiments in 1954
Middle East peace conference begins in Madrid Spain in 1991
31st
Nguyen Van Thieu took oath of office as 1st President of South Vietnam in 1967
Roman Catholic Church reinstates Galileo Galilei after 359 years in 1992
